Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of the earths biodiversity, with the aim of protecting endangered plant and animal species, their habitat and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction.
Many countries have government agencies dedicated to helping wildlife conservation and there are also a numerous amount of independent, nonprofit organizations who promote various wildlife conservation causes. Wildlife conservation has become an increasingly important issue due to the negative effects of human activity on wildlife, this includes:
- Destruction - Destroying habitats by cutting down trees, mowing fields, dredging rivers.
- Fragmentation - Habitats have been cut up into fragments by roads and development.
- Degradation - Pollution, invasive species and disruption of ecosystem processes.
- Climate Change - Global warming makes rainfall heavier, hurricanes stronger, hot even hotter and droughts more severe, it changes the landscape of habitats and causes stress. Hibernating species are disturbed and often harmed.
- Unregulated Hunting and Poaching - Illegal hunting and poaching of species.
Conservation is not just about avoiding species becoming extinct, but also about restoring and recovering the current species populations to secure levels, and preventing other species reaching such a worrying situation to begin with.
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